Microsoft Close Combat Manual do Utilizador

Game Reference

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 9To start Boot Camp1Click the Boot Camp button.2Click a Boot Camp exercise in the list.3Click Begin.During Boot Cam

Chapter 5 Weapons 9960-mm Mortar (Mortar 60-mm,M2 and Mount M2)Caliber 60-mm (2.36 in.)Muzzle velocity 163 mps (535 fps)Weight 18.9 kg (42 lbs

100 Close CombatStandard and Short 8-cm MortarsCaliber 81.4 mm (3.2 in.)Weight 56.4 kg (124 lbs)/28.2 kg (62 lbs)Overall length 123 cm (48 in.)/9

Chapter 5 Weapons 101M1 57-mm Antitank GunCaliber 57 mm (2.24 in.)Muzzle velocity 823 mps (2,700 fps)Weight 1,215 kg (2,700 lbs)Armor penetrat

102 Close Combat3-inch Gun M5Caliber 76.2 mm (3 in.)Weight 2,215 kg (4,875 lbs)Muzzle velocity 792 mps (2,600 fps)Armor penetration 122 mm (4.8

Chapter 5 Weapons 10388-mm Antitank Gun (Pak 43)I.G. 18 7.5-cm Light Infantry GunCaliber 75 mm (2.95 in.)Muzzle velocity 221 mps (725 fps)Weigh

104 Close CombatPanzer III L Medium TankM5A1 Light TankWeight 15,380 kg (33,912 lb)Maximum speed 60 km/h (37.2 mph)Main gun 37 mm (1.46 in.)Armor

Chapter 5 Weapons 105M4A1 (75-mm) “Sherman” TankPanzer IV H TankWeight 25,000 kg (55,000 lbs)Maximum speed 38 km/h (23 mph)Main gun 75-mm (2.

106 Close CombatM4A3 (76.2-mm) “Sherman” TankPanzer V “Panther” Medium TankWeight 45,500 kg (100,100 lbs)Maximum speed 46 km/h (28 mph)Main gun 7

Chapter 5 Weapons 107StuG IIIG/StuH 42Infantry Support TanksWeight 23,900 kg (52,580 lbs)Maximum speed 40 km/h (24.4 mph)Main gun StuG IIIG: 7

108 Close CombatMarder III Self-Propelled Antitank GunM10 Tank DestroyerWeight 29,938 kg (66,013 lb)Maximum speed 48 km/h (29.8 mph)Main gun 76.2

10 Close CombatManeuver PlayWhen you start a Maneuver, the Game screen appears with Close Combat inDeployment mode. You use this mode to move your t

Chapter 5 Weapons 109M36 Tank DestroyerJagdpanther (“Hunting Panther”)Tank DestroyerWeight 46,000 kg (101,200 lbs)Maximum speed 46 km/h (28 mph

110 Close CombatSdKfz 250 Light ArmoredTroop CarrierWeight 5,909 kg (13,000 lbs)Maximum speed 74 km/h (45 mph)Armament MG 34 machine gunArmor 6

Chapter 5 Weapons 111SdKfz 231 Armored CarWeight 7,590 kg (16,700 lbs)Maximum speed 32 km/h (51 mph)Armament one 2 cm-gun (Kw.K30 or 38) andon

112 Close CombatJeepKfz 1 KübelwagenWeight 986 kg (2,170 lbs)Maximum speed 80 km/h (50 mph)Engine 1,131 cc (69 cu. in.) 25 hp4-cyl (rear-mounted,

Chapter 6 Terrain 113Chapter 6TerrainYou fight battles on game maps that consist of interlocking tiles 40 pixels by 40 pixels large (or 8meters by

114 Close CombatMarshHeight: FlatConcealment: PoorVisual hindrance: PoorProtection from aimed fire: Very poorProtection from HE shells: FairDeep Wat

Chapter 6 Terrain 115OrchardHeight: Very tallConcealment: GoodVisual hindrance: Blocks viewProtection from aimed fire: Very goodProtection from HE

116 Close CombatBreak inHeight: ShortBocageConcealment: GoodVisual hindrance: Blocks viewProtection from aimed fire: PoorProtection from HE shells:

Chapter 6 Terrain 117ShellholeHeight: FlatConcealment: FairVisual hindrance: Very poorProtection from aimed fire: Very goodProtection from HE shell

118 Close CombatStructuresStructures are buildings constructed by the Norman farmers and villagers, by theGerman Army, or by the United States Army.

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 11• You play the next battle if you suffer a minor defeat.• You skip ahead one battle if you suffer a major defeat.

Chapter 6 Terrain 119Stone BuildingsStone buildings include civilian structures such as houses,churches, and shops.Interior (Floor)Height: FlatConc

120 Close CombatBunkersBunkers are structures built by the military specifically fordefensive purposes.Interior (Floor)Height: FlatConcealment: Fair

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 121Chapter 7The Big Picture:A Short History of World War IIThe seeds of World War II

122 Close CombatLet Loose the Dogs of War: World War II BeginsOn August 23, 1939 Germany and the Soviet Union sign a nonaggression pact thatsecretly

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 123Russia Invades FinlandFinland, one of the countries apportioned to the Soviet Unio

124 Close CombatField Marshal Rundstedt’s Army Group A roars across the French border onMay 10 against light resistance. General Heinz Guderian, a le

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 125Allied troops massed on thebeach at Dunkirkon the morning of June 4, they still ca

126 Close Combat“To make union with Englandwas fusion with a corpse.”Marshal Henri Pétain, whocapitulated to Germany ratherthan participate in what h

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 127eventual invasion of Great Britainan operation dubbed Sealion. TheLuftwaffe’s ord

128 Close Combateffective strategy is to send small fighter forma-tions to disrupt and harry the German bombers.It is a decision that proves correct;

12 Close CombatReconnoitering Close CombatClose Combat uses four screens: the Command, Game, Debriefing, andDebriefing Details screens.Command Scree

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 129sides losing about 25 planes, but the RAF stings the Luftwaffe by swatting 35bombe

130 Close CombatFrom late June until early November, the British regroup and resupply. By lateNovember, they are ready to launch a counterattack. Ope

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 131Scale of ForcesThe scale of the fighting between the SovietUnion and Germany dwarf

132 Close CombatStill, the Germans continue to taste nothing but success while the Soviets swallowthe bitterness of defeat. The Germans capture Kiev

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 133Finally, on December 5 Hitler agrees with his commandershe must suspend theoffens

134 Close Combat188 American aircraft are destroyed. But not all goes as the Japanese planned. Bycoincidence, the U.S. Navy’s three aircraft carriers

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 135The Allies Agree to “Beat Germany First”In the months following the Japanese attac

136 Close CombatThe Long Road to NormandyWith the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and America’s entrance into the war, theconflict is now truly globa

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 137perform holding actions while the Germans develop a new generation ofsubmarines.Th

138 Close CombatApril, 51 divisions from Italy, Rumania, Hungary, Slovakia, and Spain arrive onthe Eastern Front.In preparation for the summer offens

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 13Campaign button When you click the Campaign button, the availableCampaigns appear in the scrollable list. When yo

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 139Russian soldiers in winter camouflage on the attackBy being thrifty with reinforce

140 Close CombatOn December 12, Manstein launches Army Group Don’s 13 divisions towardStalingrad. Manstein’s fear fast becomes a reality; Soviet anti

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 141infantry that make the difference. A bloody toll is extracted from theGerman force

142 Close CombatThe Afrika Korps advances cautiously at first, but press their advantagewhen they discover the poor disposition of the British troops

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 143Rommel’s forces are again desperately short of supplies, but after receivingpromis

144 Close Combatbehind schedule. On October 25, Monty personally intervenes in the battle tomake sure that the advance is vigorous. The British have

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 145On November 5, 1942, General Eisenhower arrives in Gibraltar to commandOperation T

146 Close CombatOn March 9 Rommel leaves North Africa for good. On his way back to Germanyhe meets with Mussolini in Rome and Hitler in East Prussia;

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 147The Long FormationThe Air War In EuropeThe air war raging over Western Europe tur

148 Close CombatBy June 6, Allied air superiority makes it impos-sible for the Germans to move reinforcements tothe front intact. It takes some units

14 Close CombatScrollable ListThe scrollable list is the portion of the Command screen used to display BootCamp exercises, battles (Maneuvers), Camp

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 149On July 10, General Patton’s forces land, smash through light resistance, andquick

150 Close CombatWith the collapse of Sicily, Eisenhower wants to land on the Italianmainland. When he receives permission to proceed, he plans adiver

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 151Problems of SupplyBoth the Allies and Germans laborunder supply problems during th

152 Close CombatOver the first two weeks of January, both the Eighth and Fifth Armiesclose on the Gustav Line. On January 15, the II Corps captures M

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 153When the Allies renew the offensive on May 11, four corps are thrownforwardthe U.

154 Close CombatDwight D. Eisenhower(1890-1969). Eisenhower’sdistinguished military careerbegan with his graduationfrom West Point in 1915.Although h

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 155On the Eve of Operation OverlordBy May 1944, Germany has seen its fortunes fade; t

156 Close CombatFRANCELUXBELGIUMParisScheldt RiverNETHERLANDSRhine RiverMoselle RiverGERMANYMeuse RiverSa™ne RiverYonne RiverSeine RiverLoire RiverIT

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 157The Soviet campaigns of 1943−1944 have proved decisive. Russia regains most ofthe

158 Close CombatAmerican tank rolls past wrecked tanks from both armiesreacts quickly,sending the SeventhArmored and 101stAirborne Divisionsto hold t

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 15pointer to the edge of the Game screen. For example, if you move the mousepointer to the right side of the Game s

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 159American and Russian soldiersThe Road to BerlinAfter the Battle of the Bulge, the

160 Close Combatflag from a second story window of the Reichstag. An hour later, Hitler commitssuicide. At 2250 hours, Soviet flags fly from the Reic

Chapter 7 The Big Picture: A Short History of World War II 161advance of the Fourth Guards Tank Army. This force reaches Prague to find theGerma

162 Close Combat

16 Close CombatGame Screen MonitorsFive monitors appear in the Game screen: • Team monitor• Soldier monitor• Message monitor• Overview monitor• Zoom

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 17conscript (least experienced). Base morale is the team’s morale at the start of abattle and represents the soldie

18 Close CombatLeader RankAn insignia indicates the team leader’s rank. The leader of any given team can beeither the leader of only that team, or t

Chapter 1 About Close Combat 1Chapter 1About Close CombatJune 6, 1944. The largest invasion fleet in history lies off the coast of Normandy,Franc

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 19following the orders you issued. Red text indicates the team is intentionally actingagainst the command you issue

20 Close CombatSoldier MonitorThe Soldier monitor lists the soldiers that composeeach team in your fighting force. Selecting a teamin the Team monit

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 21Fatigue Fatigue accumulates as a soldier runs or carries heavy equipment;resting reduces fatigue.Observation If a

22 Close CombatSmoke Indicator A vehicle can fire smoke shells only if it has the Smokesymbol.Vehicle Condition There are seven vehicle conditions;

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 23Current Order Same as Current Order in the Team monitor. The last order youissued, or the last order the team has

24 Close CombatCurrent Action Displays what the soldier is doing. The current action text iscolor-coded; green indicates the soldier is following an

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 25Crawling Soldier is crawling toward cover or destination.Ambushing Soldier is ambushing the enemy.Hiding Soldier

26 Close CombatHealth Shows a soldier’s physical state. These states are described in thefollowing table.Health DescriptionHealthy (green background

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 27Ammunition type DescriptionAP Armor piercing.HE High explosive; used against infantry, light vehicles, andstructu

28 Close CombatDebriefing ScreenThe Debriefing screen appears at the end of each battle (unless you selected AbortBattle, in which case the Command

2 Close CombatClose Combat Game TheoryHistorical accuracy and realistic psychology make Close Combat different fromother strategy games. The forces,

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 29Historical TimelineThe Historical Timeline shows you how long it took the Americans to advancefrom Omaha Beach to

30 Close CombatReturn ButtonWhen you click the Return button, the Debriefing screen appears. For moreinformation, see “Debriefing Screen.”Color Scal

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 31Leadership Leadership indicates the ability a soldier has to lead his team, rallyhis team, and rally other teams.

32 Close CombatSoldiers Killed Two numbers may be displayed in this field; the top numberindicates the number of enemy soldiers a soldier killed in

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 33Assault Badge (German) Awarded for bravery. The number displayed is thecumulative total of medals awarded during

34 Close CombatRefining the Level of DifficultyYou can refine the level of difficulty of any game. When you select the Custombutton on the Command s

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 355Click the text box or press Enter.The selected strength appears in the text box.American Units Always Obey Order

36 Close CombatEnemy Units Are Always VisibleYou use this check box to make sure you can always see enemy unitsin the View Area.To make enemy units

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 376Click OK.The New Campaign Game popup disappears and your newCampaign is added to the scrollable list.7Click Begi

38 Close CombatWinning Close Combat GamesWinning any battle is based on the following criteria, which are listed from mostimportant to least:• Pushi

Chapter 1 About Close Combat 3You can choose to exercise “super” control over your troops by setting soldiers inthe “always obey orders” mode bef

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 39If you capture a Victory Location and are not routed off the field, you receive allof the points for that locatio

40 Close CombatIssuing CommandsNo matter what kind of game you choose—Maneuver, Campaign, orReplay—you can issue six commands to your teams: Move, M

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 414Drag the destination line from the team’s current location to thedestination you want.5Click the mouse button ag

42 Close CombatTo issue a Fire command1Point at the team you want to fire or click the team to select it.When you select a team, the View Area displ

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 43The target line is red if nothing blocks the team’s line of sight orline of fire to the target. If the target lin

44 Close CombatTo issue a Defend command1Point at the team you want to order to defend its present position or click theteam to select it.When you s

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 45Using the ToolbarThe Close Combat toolbar on the right of the View Area contains buttons you canclick to change y

46 Close CombatGame Play ModeIn Game Play mode, the toolbar looks like the figure at left.Toolbar in Game Play modeThe Game Play mode toolbar button

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 47Monitoring the GameUsing Close Combat’s monitors, you “see” what’s happening to teams not inview. The maps used i

48 Close CombatUsing the Team MonitorYou monitor the status of your teams using the Team monitor. To view all theteams in the monitor, use the scrol

4 Close CombatWho’s in Control? You ChooseAs noted earlier, your teams may or may not obey an order you give them.However, you can avoid order over

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 49red (the most important) messages do not appear in the monitor; you click the redbutton again to make these messa

50 Close CombatEnding GamesYou can end a Close Combat game in three ways:• You can end any game by clicking the End Battle button on theToolbar. If

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 51To stop a game1From the Game menu (Windows 95) or File menu (Macintosh),choose Abort Battle.A popup appears askin

52 Close CombatCampaigns are automatically saved at the end of each battle as a saved Campaign.You can also save a Campaign battle as a Replay; howe

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 53Turning Sound On/OffYou can turn game sounds (gunfire, soldiers’ voices, and other sounds)on or off.To turn game

54 Close CombatTo expand the View Area to use the entire screen• Choose Expand View Area on the Options menu. To view all gamemonitors and return th

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 55Playing Head-to-HeadFor information on head-to-head play, see the README file on the CloseCombat CD-ROM, or look

56 Close Combat

Chapter 3 Tactics 57Chapter 3TacticsThis chapter describes tactics and provides game tips you can use while playingClose Combat.Basic TacticsYou

58 Close CombatWhen you fire smoke rounds, the smoke lasts approximately one minute; thesmoke is thickest when the rounds first go off. Smoke plumes

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 5Chapter 2Setup and Game PlayThis chapter describes how to install and set up Close Combat, how tolearn game-play b

Chapter 3 Tactics 59• Don’t order units too far in advance of Victory Locations until these locationshave been neutralized. Doing so is asking f

60 Close CombatVehicle TipsYou can use the tips in this section when issuing commands to your vehicleteams. For information on the factors affecting

Chapter 3 Tactics 61Schurzen Identifies whether or not the vehicle is equipped withSchurzen plating (thin metal plates set a few inches outfrom

62 Close CombatWeapons TipsYou can use the tips in this section when issuing commands to your vehicleteams. For information on the factors affecting

Chapter 3 Tactics 63Specific tips for weapons are as follows:• Don’t order your mortars to fire at infantry hiding in bunkers or buildingsbecaus

64 Close CombatGeneral Tips• When a team is shot at or spots an enemy for the first time, the team cancelsits goal. For example, if you issue a Move

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 65Chapter 4The Normandy Campaignin Close CombatThe Normandy campaign is a six-week series of battl

66 Close CombatThe Evolution of Operation OverlordThe Normandy Campaign is the end result of more than two-and-a-halfyears of planning, training, an

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 67Soon after the Allies commit to the invasion of France, it becomes clearthat an adequate troop a

68 Close CombatThe German Forces in NormandyAs the German High Command realizes that an invasion in the West isimminent, the number of combat divisi

6 Close CombatTo set up Close Combat on the Macintosh1Insert the Close Combat CD into the CD-ROM drive.The Close Combat CD icon appears.2Double-click

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 69an Allied invasion is with a rapid counterattack on the beaches frombehind a fortified coastal s

70 Close CombatU.S. soldiers landing on Omaha BeachThe next morning, following a fierce air and naval bombardment, thefirst assault waves from five

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 71“Bloody Omaha” and BeyondOf the vast number of Allied troops that wade or parachute intoNormandy

72 Close CombatOff The BeachBetween midday on June 6 and the evening ofJune 7, elements of the 115th and 116th InfantryRegiments fight their way inl

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 731,429 tons of supplies are moved, increasing to 7,000 tons a day byD-Day plus five. The paratroo

74 Close Combatflooded by the Germans. But if the troops of Bradley’s First Army thinkthey will now have a few days’ triumphant progress inland to S

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 75German Defenses in the BocageStanding between Bradley’s First Army and its goal of Saint-Lô are

76 Close Combatopposite hedgerow corners at the back of the field to immo-bilize attacking infantry. Light machine guns and machinepistols in the he

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 77Germans have mastered the advance by infiltration, sending smallparties to turn the flank of the

78 Close Combatthey quickly master the art of unloading directly onto Omaha and Utahbeaches, and after a few days are actually moving more supplies

Chapter 2 Setup and Game Play 7Close Combat Game TypesYou can play four types of games with Close Combat: Boot Camp,Maneuvers, Campaigns, and Re

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 79But all these technical advances aren’t enough to keep the hedgerowbattle from dragging on too s

80 Close Combatthe center field and attack the flanks of the German positions there. Thisallows the U.S. soldiers to take more territory while facin

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 81Seventh Army troops in the vicinity dig into defensive positions,including foxholes and even tun

82 Close Combatapproaches to the hill were targeted with artillery, mortars, antitankweapons, and machine guns, and the German defenders, mainly fro

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 83roadway by nightfall. With the Seventh Army occupied on so manyfronts, no reserves are left to r

84 Close Combatmortar and artillery fire. In the north, the 35th Division isfought to a virtual standstill by a sophisticated series ofGerman defens

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 85For the Americans, the cost of capturing Saint-Lô and the surroundingcountryside is steep: Nearl

86 Close CombatGoodwood, pushing the Germans east of Caen. Although the Britishsuffer severe tank losses, the attack draws even more German troopsin

Chapter 4 The Normandy Campaign in Close Combat 87While Bradley’s First Army threatens only the Germans in Normandy,Patton’s Third Army threatens

88 Close CombatCasualty rates for the Allied and Axis sides, along with French civilians,average 10,000 a day, making the Battle of Normandy one of

8 Close CombatOn the Command screen, click to select the game options you want:1Click Boot Camp (basic training), Maneuvers (to fight single battles)

Chapter 5 Weapons 89Chapter 5WeaponsOperation SemiautomaticCaliber .45 (11.4 mm)Muzzle velocity 253 mps (830 fps)Capacity 7-round detachable

90 Close CombatMauser Kar 98Springfield ’03 RifleOperation Manual, bolt-actionCaliber 7.92 mm (.31 in.)Muzzle velocity 745 mps (2,445 fps)Capacit

Chapter 5 Weapons 91Garand RifleOperation SemiautomaticCaliber .30 (7.62 mm)Muzzle velocity 853 mps (2,800 fps)Capacity 8-shot clipWeight 4.

92 Close CombatM1 CarbineBrowning Automatic Rifle (BAR)Operation M1 & M1A1: semiautomatic;M2: selective fire (fully and semiautomatic)Caliber

Chapter 5 Weapons 93Thompson Submachine GunOperation Selective fire (fully andsemiautomatic)Caliber .45 (11.4 mm)Muzzle velocity 280 mps (920

94 Close Combat.30-caliber Air-Cooled Machine Gun(M1919A4)Operation Fully automatic, air-cooledCaliber .30 (7.62 mm)Muzzle velocity 853.4 mps (2,

Chapter 5 Weapons 95.50-caliber Air-Cooled Machine Gun(M2-HB)Operation Selective fire (fully or semiautomatic),air-cooledCaliber .50 (12.7 mm)M

96 Close CombatOperation Grenade launcher, percussion firedCaliber 44 mm (1.73 in.)Weight 5 to 7 kg (11 to 15.4 lbs)Overall length approx. 104 c

Chapter 5 Weapons 97BazookaPanzerschreck AntitankRocket LauncherOperation Rocket launcher, electrically firedCaliber 88 mm (3.46 in.)Weight 9.

98 Close CombatGerman Hand GrenadesStick GrenadeGrenade weight 0.61 kg (1.36 lb)Charge weight .17 kg (6 oz)Overall length 355.6 mm (14 in.)Egg Gr